From Apr 5, 2026 to Apr 9, 2026, the corresponding solar term in the Nijūshi Sekki (24 solar terms) is 清明(Seimei), and the corresponding microseason in the Shichijūni Kō (72 microseasons) is 玄鳥至(Tsubame kitaru).

What Is “Tsubame kitaru” (玄鳥至)?

"Tsubame Kitaru" (玄鳥至, "Swallows Return") is one of the seasonal markers in the traditional Japanese calendar known as Shichijūni Kō (72 microseasons). The Shichijūni Kō system divides the year into 72 finely tuned seasonal phases, each delicately capturing changes in the natural world. "Tsubame Kitaru" corresponds to the first microseason of "Seimei" (清明) in the Nijūshi Sekki (24 solar terms), and typically falls between around April 5 and April 9 each year. "Genchō (玄鳥)" is an old word for swallow, while "kitaru (至る)" means "to arrive." Together, the phrase describes the time when swallows return to Japan from the southern countries where they spend the winter. Every spring, swallows migrate back to Japan from their wintering grounds in places such as Southeast Asia. They build nests under the eaves of homes and raise their chicks throughout the summer. For centuries, their presence has been warmly welcomed in Japan. A house where swallows nest is traditionally considered fortunate, and because the birds eat insects that damage crops, they have long been appreciated by farmers as welcome messengers of spring. Around the time of "Tsubame Kitaru," cherry blossoms begin to fall and fresh green leaves start to emerge, creating a refreshing atmosphere of early spring. Spotting swallows darting through the sky is seen as a sign that spring has truly arrived according to the traditional Japanese calendar. By becoming aware of the Shichijūni Kō (72 microseasons), one can gain a deeper appreciation for the subtle changes of nature in everyday life. Even amid the busyness of modern living, taking a moment to notice the return of the swallows offers a chance to feel the beauty of the changing seasons and the richness of Japanese culture more closely.

List of Japan’s 72 Microseasons